Albania, sentence 264

From Wikipedia, «Albania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

Because of remoteness, the mountains and hills of Albania are endowed with forests, trees and grasses that are essential to the lives for a wide variety of animals, among others for two of the most endangered species of the country, the lynx and brown bear, as well as the wildcat, grey wolf, red fox, golden jackal, Egyptian vulture and golden eagle, the latter constituting the national animal of the country.

Who acts: grasses, latter · What happens: endow, be, constitute · To what, where: mountains, national animal

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Albania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grasses, latter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	3 remoteness	case
2	of	of	ADP	_	1 Because	fixed
3	remoteness	remoteness	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 endowed	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 remoteness	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 mountains	det
6	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 endowed	nsubj:pass
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 hills	cc
8	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 mountains	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 Albania	case
10	Albania	Albania	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 mountains	nmod
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 endowed	aux:pass
12	endowed	endow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
13	with	with	ADP	_	14 forests	case
14	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 endowed	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 trees	punct
16	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 forests	conj
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 grasses	cc
18	grasses	grass	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 forests	conj
19	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 essential	nsubj
20	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 essential	cop
21	essential	essential	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 grasses	acl:relcl
22	to	to	ADP	_	24 lives	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 lives	det
24	lives	life	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 essential	obl
25	for	for	ADP	_	28 variety	case
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 variety	det
27	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 variety	amod
28	variety	variety	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 endowed	obl
29	of	of	ADP	_	30 animals	case
30	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 variety	nmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 others	punct
32	among	among	ADP	_	33 others	case
33	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 endowed	obl
34	for	for	ADP	_	35 two	case
35	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	33 others	nmod
36	of	of	ADP	_	40 species	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 species	det
38	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	39 endangered	advmod
39	endangered	endangered	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 species	amod
40	species	species	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 others	nmod
41	of	of	ADP	_	43 country	case
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 country	det
43	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 species	nmod
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 lynx	punct
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 lynx	det
46	lynx	lynx	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 species	conj
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	49 bear	cc
48	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	49 bear	amod
49	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 lynx	conj
50	,	,	PUNCT	_	55 wildcat	punct
51	as	as	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	55 wildcat	cc
52	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	51 as	fixed
53	as	as	ADP	_	51 as	fixed
54	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	55 wildcat	det
55	wildcat	wildcat	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 lynx	conj
56	,	,	PUNCT	_	58 wolf	punct
57	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	58 wolf	amod
58	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 species	conj
59	,	,	PUNCT	_	61 fox	punct
60	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	61 fox	amod
61	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 species	conj
62	,	,	PUNCT	_	64 jackal	punct
63	golden	golden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	64 jackal	amod
64	jackal	jackal	NOUN	Number=Sing	61 fox	appos
65	,	,	PUNCT	_	67 vulture	punct
66	Egyptian	Egyptian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	67 vulture	amod
67	vulture	vulture	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 species	conj
68	and	and	CCONJ	_	70 eagle	cc
69	golden	golden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	70 eagle	amod
70	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	67 vulture	conj
71	,	,	PUNCT	_	74 constituting	punct
72	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	73 latter	det
73	latter	latter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	74 constituting	nsubj
74	constituting	constitute	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	67 vulture	conj
75	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	77 animal	det
76	national	national	ADJ	Degree=Pos	77 animal	amod
77	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	74 constituting	obj
78	of	of	ADP	_	80 country	case
79	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	80 country	det
80	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	77 animal	nmod
81	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 endowed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	endow	present · passive		the mountains of Albania and hills	because remoteness; with forests and trees and grasses; for a wide variety of animals; among others for two of the endangered species of the country and the lynx and brown bear as the wildcat and grey wolf and red fox and Egyptian vulture and golden eagle	vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with forest=Theme
2	is	present	grasses		to the lives; essential property	tree rules
3	constitute	gerund	the latter	the national animal of the country		vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme animal=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Albania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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🌲 Albania, sentence 264

The tree

Pragmatics

Albania, sentence 264