Albania, sentence 53
From Wikipedia, «Albania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Other colonies, such as Apollonia and Epidamnos, were established by Greek city-states on the coast by the 7th century BC.
Who acts: Greek city states · What happens: establish · To what, where: Other colonies
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Albania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Greek city states), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 colonies | amod |
| 2 | colonies | colony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 established | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Apollonia | punct |
| 4 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 6 Apollonia | case |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 4 such | fixed |
| 6 | Apollonia | Apollonia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 colonies | nmod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 Epidamnos | cc |
| 8 | Epidamnos | Epidamnos | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Apollonia | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 colonies | punct |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 established | aux:pass |
| 11 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 states | case |
| 13 | Greek | Greek | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 states | amod |
| 14 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 states | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 city | punct |
| 16 | states | state | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 established | obl |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 coast | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 coast | det |
| 19 | coast | coast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 states | nmod |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 century | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 century | det |
| 22 | 7th | 7th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 23 century | amod |
| 23 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 established | obl |
| 24 | BC | BC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 century | appos |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 established | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | establish | past · passive | Greek city states on the coast | Other colonies such Apollonia and Epidamnos | century | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Albania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Albania/53/