Angola, sentence 54
From Wikipedia, «Angola», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
To govern the growing slave trade, Afonso and several Portuguese kings claimed a joint monopoly on the external slave trade.
Who acts: Afonso · What happens: govern, grow, claim · To what, where: growing slave trade, joint monopoly, external slave trade
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Angola». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Afonso), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 govern | mark |
| 2 | govern | govern | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 claimed | advcl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 trade | det |
| 4 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 trade | amod |
| 5 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 trade | compound |
| 6 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 govern | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Afonso | punct |
| 8 | Afonso | Afonso | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 claimed | nsubj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 kings | cc |
| 10 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 kings | amod |
| 11 | Portuguese | portuguese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 kings | amod |
| 12 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 Afonso | conj |
| 13 | claimed | claim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 monopoly | det |
| 15 | joint | joint | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 monopoly | amod |
| 16 | monopoly | monopoly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 claimed | obj |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 trade | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 trade | det |
| 19 | external | external | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 trade | amod |
| 20 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 trade | compound |
| 21 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 claimed | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 claimed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | govern | to-infinitive | Afonso and several Portuguese kings not said here | the growing slave trade | vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent trade=Theme | ||||
| 2 | grow | gerund | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | claim speech: other | past | Afonso and several Portuguese kings | a joint monopoly | the external slave trade | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent monopoly=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Angola», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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