Armenia, sentence 340
From Wikipedia, «Armenia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Ministry of Defence is in charge of political leadership, headed by Davit Tonoyan, while military command remains in the hands of the general staff, headed by the Chief of Staff, who is Lieutenant-General Onik Gasparyan.
Who acts: Ministry, military command, Chief · What happens: be, head, remain · To what, where: charge, hands, Lieutenant Onik
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Armenia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ministry, military command, Chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Ministry | det |
| 2 | Ministry | Ministry | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 charge | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Defence | case |
| 4 | Defence | Defence | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Ministry | nmod |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 charge | cop |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 charge | case |
| 7 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 leadership | case |
| 9 | political | political | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 leadership | amod |
| 10 | leadership | leadership | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 charge | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 headed | punct |
| 12 | headed | head | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 charge | acl |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 Davit | case |
| 14 | Davit | Davit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 headed | obl:agent |
| 15 | Tonoyan | Tonoyan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Davit | flat |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 remains | punct |
| 17 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 20 remains | mark |
| 18 | military | military | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 command | amod |
| 19 | command | command | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 remains | nsubj |
| 20 | remains | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 charge | parataxis |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 hands | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 hands | det |
| 23 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 remains | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 staff | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 staff | det |
| 26 | general | general | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 staff | amod |
| 27 | staff | staff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 hands | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 headed | punct |
| 29 | headed | head | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 remains | conj |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 Chief | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 Chief | det |
| 32 | Chief | Chief | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 headed | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 Staff | case |
| 34 | Staff | Staff | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Chief | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 Onik | punct |
| 36 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 Onik | nsubj |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 Onik | cop |
| 38 | Lieutenant | Lieutenant | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Onik | compound |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 General | punct |
| 40 | General | General | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Onik | nmod:desc |
| 41 | Onik | Onik | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Chief | conj |
| 42 | Gasparyan | Gasparyan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Onik | flat |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 charge | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the Ministry of Defence | charge | of political leadership | tree rules | |||
| 2 | head | participle | charge not said here | Davit obl:agent | vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | remain | present | military command | the hands of the general staff | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hand=Location | ||||
| 4 | head | participle | military command not said here | by the Chief of Staff and Lieutenant Onik | vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | the Chief of Staff and Lieutenant Onik | Lieutenant Onik | General nmod:desc | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Armenia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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