Athens, sentence 447
From Wikipedia, «Athens», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Although the heavy cost was criticised, estimated at US$1.5 billion, Athens was transformed into a more functional city that enjoys modern technology both in transportation and in modern urban development.
Who acts: functional city · What happens: criticise, estimate, transform, enjoy · To what, where: heavy cost, Athens, functional city, modern technology, transportation
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Athens». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (functional city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Although | although | SCONJ | _ | 6 criticised | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 cost | det |
| 3 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 cost | amod |
| 4 | cost | cost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 criticised | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 criticised | aux:pass |
| 6 | criticised | criticise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 transformed | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 estimated | punct |
| 8 | estimated | estimate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 criticised | conj |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 $ | case |
| 10 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 $ | compound |
| 11 | $ | $ | SYM | _ | 8 estimated | obl |
| 12 | 1.5 | 1.5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 billion | compound |
| 13 | billion | billion | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 $ | nummod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 criticised | punct |
| 15 | Athens | Athens | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 transformed | nsubj |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 transformed | aux:pass |
| 17 | transformed | transform | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 18 | into | into | ADP | _ | 22 city | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 city | det |
| 20 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 21 functional | advmod |
| 21 | functional | functional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 city | amod |
| 22 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 transformed | obl |
| 23 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 enjoys | nsubj |
| 24 | enjoys | enjoy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 city | acl:relcl |
| 25 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 technology | amod |
| 26 | technology | technology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 enjoys | obj |
| 27 | both | both | CCONJ | _ | 29 transportation | cc:preconj |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 transportation | case |
| 29 | transportation | transportation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 technology | nmod |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 development | cc |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 development | case |
| 32 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 development | amod |
| 33 | urban | urban | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 development | amod |
| 34 | development | development | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 transportation | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 transformed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | criticise | past · passive | the heavy cost | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | estimate | participle | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent at $=Value | ||||||
| 3 | transform | past · passive | Athens | into a functional city result | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into city=Result | ||||
| 4 | enjoy | present | a functional city | modern technology | transportation and modern urban development | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer technology=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Athens», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Athens/447/