Bahrain, sentence 196
From Wikipedia, «Bahrain», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The agricultural and domestic sectors' over-utilisation of the Dammam Aquifer, the principal aquifer in Bahrain, has led to its salinisation by adjacent brackish and saline water bodies.
Who acts: adjacent brackish water bodies · What happens: lead · To what, where: over-utilisation, salinisation
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bahrain». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (adjacent brackish water bodies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sectors | det |
| 2 | agricultural | agricultural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 sectors | amod |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 domestic | cc |
| 4 | domestic | domestic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 agricultural | conj |
| 5 | sectors | sector | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 over-utilisation | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 5 sectors | case |
| 7 | over-utilisation | over-utilisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 led | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Aquifer | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Aquifer | det |
| 10 | Dammam | Dammam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Aquifer | compound |
| 11 | Aquifer | Aquifer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 over-utilisation | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 aquifer | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 aquifer | det |
| 14 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 aquifer | amod |
| 15 | aquifer | aquifer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Aquifer | appos |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 Bahrain | case |
| 17 | Bahrain | Bahrain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 aquifer | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 over-utilisation | punct |
| 19 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 led | aux |
| 20 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 salinisation | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 salinisation | nmod:poss |
| 23 | salinisation | salinisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 led | obl |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 30 bodies | case |
| 25 | adjacent | adjacent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 bodies | amod |
| 26 | brackish | brackish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 bodies | amod |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 saline | cc |
| 28 | saline | saline | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 brackish | conj |
| 29 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 bodies | compound |
| 30 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 led | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 led | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | present · perfect · passive | adjacent brackish water bodies | the agricultural sectors's over-utilisation of the Dammam Aquifer | over-utilisation's salinisation | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme to salinisation=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Bahrain», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bahrain/196/