Bern, sentence 21
From Wikipedia, «Bern», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
No archaeological evidence that indicates a settlement on the site of today's city centre prior to the 12th century has been found so far.
Who acts: archaeological evidence · What happens: indicate, find · To what, where: settlement, site, 12th century, archaeological evidence
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bern». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (archaeological evidence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 3 evidence | det |
| 2 | archaeological | archaeological | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 evidence | amod |
| 3 | evidence | evidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 indicates | nsubj |
| 5 | indicates | indicate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 evidence | acl:relcl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 settlement | det |
| 7 | settlement | settlement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 indicates | obj |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 site | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 site | det |
| 10 | site | site | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 indicates | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 centre | case |
| 12 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 centre | nmod:poss |
| 13 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 12 today | case |
| 14 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 centre | compound |
| 15 | centre | centre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 site | nmod |
| 16 | prior | prior | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ | 23 found | mark |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 prior | fixed |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 century | det |
| 19 | 12th | 12th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 20 century | amod |
| 20 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 found | nsubj |
| 21 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 found | aux |
| 22 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 found | aux:pass |
| 23 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 indicates | advcl |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 25 far | advmod |
| 25 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 found | advmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 evidence | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | indicate | present | no archaeological evidence | a settlement | the site of today's city centre | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot settlement=Topic | |||
| 2 | find | present · perfect · passive | the 12th century | far property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Bern», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bern/21/