Bhutan, sentence 194
From Wikipedia, «Bhutan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In practice, the overlap of these extensive protected lands with populated areas has led to mutual habitat encroachment.
What happens: protect, populate, lead, overlap · To what, where: overlap, practice, extensive protected lands
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bhutan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 practice | case |
| 2 | practice | practice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 led | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 practice | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 overlap | det |
| 5 | overlap | overlap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 led | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 lands | case |
| 7 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 10 lands | nsubj |
| 8 | extensive | extensive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 lands | amod |
| 9 | protected | protect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 lands | amod |
| 10 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 overlap | nmod |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 areas | case |
| 12 | populated | populate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 areas | amod |
| 13 | areas | area | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 lands | nmod |
| 14 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 led | aux |
| 15 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 encroachment | case |
| 17 | mutual | mutual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 encroachment | amod |
| 18 | habitat | habitat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 encroachment | compound |
| 19 | encroachment | encroachment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 led | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 led | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | protect | participle | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | populate | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | lead | present · perfect · passive | the overlap of extensive protected lands these with populated areas | practice | to mutual habitat encroachment | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in practice=Destination | |||
| 4 | overlap | extensive protected lands these with populated areas | nom overlap «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Bhutan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bhutan/194/