Bhutan, sentence 336
From Wikipedia, «Bhutan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Bhutan had trade relations with the Tibet Autonomous Region of China until 1960, when it closed its border with China after an influx of refugees.
Who acts: Bhutan, accord · What happens: have, close · To what, where: trade relations, border
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bhutan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bhutan, accord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bhutan | Bhutan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 relations | compound |
| 4 | relations | relation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 had | obj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 Region | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Region | det |
| 7 | Tibet | Tibet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Region | compound |
| 8 | Autonomous | Autonomous | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Region | compound |
| 9 | Region | Region | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 relations | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 China | case |
| 11 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Region | nmod |
| 12 | until | until | ADP | _ | 13 1960 | case |
| 13 | 1960 | 1960 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 had | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 closed | punct |
| 15 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 17 closed | mark |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 closed | nsubj |
| 17 | closed | close | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | parataxis |
| 18 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 border | nmod:poss |
| 19 | border | border | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 closed | obj |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 China | case |
| 21 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 closed | obl |
| 22 | after | after | ADP | _ | 24 influx | case |
| 23 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 influx | det |
| 24 | influx | influx | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 closed | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 refugees | case |
| 26 | refugees | refugee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 influx | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Bhutan | trade relations | until 1960 | with the Tibet Autonomous Region of China | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relation=Patient | ||
| 2 | close | past | accord | accord's border | after a influx of refugees | with China | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme border=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Bhutan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bhutan/336/