Bhutan, sentence 54

From Wikipedia, «Bhutan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

Until the early 17th century, Bhutan existed as a patchwork of minor warring fiefdoms, when the area was unified by the Tibetan lama and military leader Ngawang Namgyal, who had fled religious persecution in Tibet.

Who acts: Bhutan, minor, Tibetan lama, Ngawang · What happens: exist, war, unify, flee · To what, where: fiefdoms, area, religious persecution, Tibet

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bhutan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bhutan, minor, Tibetan lama, Ngawang), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Until	until	ADP	_	5 century	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 century	det
3	early	early	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 century	amod
4	17th	17th	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord	5 century	amod
5	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 existed	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 century	punct
7	Bhutan	Bhutan	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 existed	nsubj
8	existed	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	as	as	ADP	_	11 patchwork	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 patchwork	det
11	patchwork	patchwork	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 existed	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 minor	case
13	minor	minor	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 patchwork	nmod
14	warring	war	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 minor	acl
15	fiefdoms	fiefdom	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 warring	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 unified	punct
17	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	21 unified	advmod
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 area	det
19	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 unified	nsubj:pass
20	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 unified	aux:pass
21	unified	unify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 existed	conj
22	by	by	ADP	_	25 lama	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 lama	det
24	Tibetan	Tibetan	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 lama	compound
25	lama	lama	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 unified	obl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 leader	cc
27	military	military	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 leader	amod
28	leader	leader	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 lama	conj
29	Ngawang	Ngawang	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 lama	appos
30	Namgyal	Namgyal	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 Ngawang	flat
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 fled	punct
32	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	34 fled	nsubj
33	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 fled	aux
34	fled	flee	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	29 Ngawang	acl
35	religious	religious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 persecution	amod
36	persecution	persecution	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 fled	obj
37	in	in	ADP	_	38 Tibet	case
38	Tibet	Tibet	PROPN	Number=Sing	34 fled	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 existed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exist	past	Bhutan			century	as a patchwork of minor	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	war	gerund	minor not said here	fiefdoms				tree rules
3	unify	past · passive	the Tibetan lama and military leader	the area				vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
4	flee	past · perfect	Ngawang	religious persecution	Tibet			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme persecution=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Bhutan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Bhutan/54/

🌲 Bhutan, sentence 54

The tree

Pragmatics

Bhutan, sentence 54