Bogotá, sentence 482
From Wikipedia, «Bogotá», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
On 25 December 1884, the first tramway pulled by mules was inaugurated and covered the route from Plaza de Bolívar to Chapinero, and in 1892, the line connecting Plaza de Bolívar and La Sabana Station started operating.
Who acts: line · What happens: pull, inaugurate, cover, connect, start, operate · To what, where: first tramway, 25, route, Chapinero, Plaza, 1892
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Bogotá». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (line), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 2 25 | case |
| 2 | 25 | 25 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 inaugurated | obl |
| 3 | December | December | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 1884 | nmod:unmarked |
| 4 | 1884 | 1884 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 25 | conj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 25 | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 tramway | det |
| 7 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 8 tramway | amod |
| 8 | tramway | tramway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 inaugurated | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | pulled | pull | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 tramway | acl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 mules | case |
| 11 | mules | mule | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 pulled | obl |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 inaugurated | aux:pass |
| 13 | inaugurated | inaugurate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 covered | cc |
| 15 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 inaugurated | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 route | det |
| 17 | route | route | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 covered | obj |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 Plaza | case |
| 19 | Plaza | Plaza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 route | nmod |
| 20 | de | de | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Plaza | flat |
| 21 | Bolívar | Bolívar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Plaza | flat |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 Chapinero | case |
| 23 | Chapinero | Chapinero | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 covered | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 started | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 started | cc |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 1892 | case |
| 27 | 1892 | 1892 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 39 started | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 1892 | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 line | det |
| 30 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 started | nsubj |
| 31 | connecting | connect | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 line | acl |
| 32 | Plaza | Plaza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 connecting | obj |
| 33 | de | de | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Plaza | flat |
| 34 | Bolívar | Bolívar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Plaza | flat |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 La | cc |
| 36 | La | La | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Plaza | conj |
| 37 | Sabana | Sabana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 La | flat |
| 38 | Station | Station | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 La | flat |
| 39 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 inaugurated | conj |
| 40 | operating | operate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 started | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 inaugurated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull | participle | the first tramway not said here | by mules | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | inaugurate | past · passive | the first tramway | 25 | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | cover | participle | the route | Chapinero | Plaza | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme route=Destination | |||
| 4 | connect | gerund | the line not said here | Plaza and La | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plaza=Patient | ||||
| 5 | start | past | the line | 1892 | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | operate | gerund | the line not said here | vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Bogotá», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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