Cairo, sentence 19
From Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
It is also supposedly due to the fact that the planet Mars, known in Arabic by names such as an-Najm al-Qāhir (النجم القاهر, 'the Conquering Star'), was rising at the time of the city's founding.
Who acts: name, Najm, city · What happens: be, know, rise, found · To what, where: planet Mars, Arabic, names
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cairo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, Najm, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 fact | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 fact | cop |
| 3 | also | also | ADV | _ | 4 supposedly | advmod |
| 4 | supposedly | supposedly | ADV | _ | 8 fact | advmod |
| 5 | due | due | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 8 fact | case |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 due | fixed |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 fact | det |
| 8 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 Mars | mark |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Mars | det |
| 11 | planet | planet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 Mars | compound |
| 12 | Mars | Mars | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 fact | acl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 known | punct |
| 14 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 Mars | acl |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 Arabic | case |
| 16 | Arabic | Arabic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 known | obl |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 names | case |
| 18 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 known | obl |
| 19 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ | 39 rising | mark |
| 20 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 such | fixed |
| 21 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 rising | det |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 Najm | punct |
| 23 | Najm | Najm | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 rising | nsubj |
| 24 | al | Al | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Najm | flat |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 Qāhir | punct |
| 26 | Qāhir | Qāhir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Najm | conj |
| 27 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 29 القاهر | punct |
| 28 | النجم | النجم | ADP | _ | 29 القاهر | case |
| 29 | القاهر | القاهر | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Qāhir | appos |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 Star | punct |
| 31 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 34 Star | punct |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Star | det |
| 33 | Conquering | Conquering | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Star | compound |
| 34 | Star | Star | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 القاهر | appos |
| 35 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 34 Star | punct |
| 36 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 29 القاهر | punct |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Najm | punct |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 rising | aux |
| 39 | rising | rise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 names | acl |
| 40 | at | at | ADP | _ | 42 time | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 time | det |
| 42 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 rising | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 founding | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 city | det |
| 45 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 founding | nmod:poss |
| 46 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 45 city | case |
| 47 | founding | founding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 time | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 fact | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | name | due the fact; the planet Mars acl; supposedly property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | know | participle | the planet Mars not said here | Arabic | by names | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | rise | past · progressive | Najm and Qāhir | names not said here | time | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location name=Theme | |||
| 4 | found | the city | nom founding «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cairo/19/