Cairo, sentence 198
From Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Land reclamation efforts by the Mamluks and Ottomans further contributed to expansion on the east bank of the river.
Who acts: reclamation efforts · What happens: contribute · To what, where: expansion, east bank
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cairo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (reclamation efforts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 reclamation | compound |
| 2 | reclamation | reclamation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 efforts | compound |
| 3 | efforts | effort | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 contributed | nsubj |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 Mamluks | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Mamluks | det |
| 6 | Mamluks | mamluk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 efforts | nmod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 Ottomans | cc |
| 8 | Ottomans | Ottoman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 efforts | conj |
| 9 | further | further | ADV | _ | 10 contributed | advmod |
| 10 | contributed | contribute | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 expansion | case |
| 12 | expansion | expansion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 contributed | obl |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 bank | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bank | det |
| 15 | east | east | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 bank | amod |
| 16 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 contributed | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 river | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 river | det |
| 19 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 bank | nmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 contributed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | contribute | participle | reclamation efforts by the Mamluks and Ottomans | expansion | the east bank of the river | further property | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to expansion=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cairo/198/