Cairo, sentence 334
From Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
This has fuelled rapid construction in the city, with one building in five being less than 15 years old.
Who acts: five · What happens: fuell, be · To what, where: This, city
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cairo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (five), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 fuelled | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 fuelled | aux |
| 3 | fuelled | fuell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | rapid | rapid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 construction | amod |
| 5 | construction | construction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fuelled | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 city | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 city | det |
| 8 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fuelled | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 building | punct |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 building | case |
| 11 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 building | nummod |
| 12 | building | building | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fuelled | parataxis |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 old | case |
| 14 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 old | nsubj |
| 15 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 old | cop |
| 16 | less | less | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 18 15 | advmod |
| 17 | than | than | ADP | _ | 16 less | fixed |
| 18 | 15 | 15 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 years | nummod |
| 19 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 old | obl:unmarked |
| 20 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 building | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 fuelled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fuell | present · perfect · passive | This | the city | rapid construction obj; one building parataxis | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | gerund | five | year | old property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Cairo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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