Cape Town, sentence 340
From Wikipedia, «Cape Town», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The minibus taxi industry has been the source of a number of violent confrontations in the city.
Who acts: taxi industry · What happens: be · To what, where: source
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cape Town». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (taxi industry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 industry | det |
| 2 | minibus | minibus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 taxi | compound |
| 3 | taxi | taxi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 industry | compound |
| 4 | industry | industry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 source | nsubj |
| 5 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 source | aux |
| 6 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 source | cop |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 source | det |
| 8 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 number | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 number | det |
| 11 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 source | nmod |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 confrontations | case |
| 13 | violent | violent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 confrontations | amod |
| 14 | confrontations | confrontation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 number | nmod |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 city | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 city | det |
| 17 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 confrontations | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 source | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present · perfect | the taxi industry | the source | of a number of violent confrontations in the city | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Cape Town», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cape_Town/340/