Cape Town, sentence 92
From Wikipedia, «Cape Town», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
According to Oxfam, "in the face of an imminent water shortage, the city of Cape Town in South Africa successfully reduced its water use by more than half in three years, cutting it from 1.2bn litres per day in February 2015 to 516m litres per day in 2018."
Who acts: face, water · What happens: accord, reduce, use, cut · To what, where: water, 1.2bn litres · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cape Town». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (face, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | According | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 Oxfam | case |
| 2 | to | to | ADP | _ | 1 According | fixed |
| 3 | Oxfam | Oxfam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 face | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Oxfam | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 Oxfam | punct |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 face | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 face | det |
| 8 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 reduced | nsubj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 shortage | case |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 shortage | det |
| 11 | imminent | imminent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 shortage | amod |
| 12 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 shortage | compound |
| 13 | shortage | shortage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 face | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 city | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 city | det |
| 16 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 face | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Town | case |
| 18 | Cape | Cape | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Town | compound |
| 19 | Town | Town | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 city | nmod |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 Africa | case |
| 21 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Africa | compound |
| 22 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Town | nmod |
| 23 | successfully | successfully | ADV | _ | 24 reduced | advmod |
| 24 | reduced | reduce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 25 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 water | nmod:poss |
| 26 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 use | nsubj |
| 27 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 reduced | ccomp |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 half | case |
| 29 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 31 half | advmod |
| 30 | than | than | ADP | _ | 29 more | fixed |
| 31 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 27 use | obl |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 years | case |
| 33 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 34 years | nummod |
| 34 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 use | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 cutting | punct |
| 36 | cutting | cut | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 use | advcl |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 cutting | obj |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 40 litres | case |
| 39 | 1.2bn | 1.2bn | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 40 litres | nummod |
| 40 | litres | litre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 cutting | obl |
| 41 | per | per | ADP | _ | 42 day | case |
| 42 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 litres | nmod |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 February | case |
| 44 | February | February | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 cutting | obl |
| 45 | 2015 | 2015 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 44 February | nmod:unmarked |
| 46 | to | to | ADP | _ | 48 litres | case |
| 47 | 516m | 516m | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 litres | compound |
| 48 | litres | litre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 cutting | obl |
| 49 | per | per | ADP | _ | 50 day | case |
| 50 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 litres | nmod |
| 51 | in | in | ADP | _ | 52 2018 | case |
| 52 | 2018 | 2018 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 36 cutting | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 reduced | punct |
| 54 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 reduced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | reduce in a quote | past | the face accord to Oxfam of a imminent water shortage and the city of Cape Town in South Africa | successfully property | vn limit-76 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Causer clause=Goal | ||||
| 3 | use in a quote | present | shortage's water | year | by half | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | cut in a quote | gerund | shortage's water not said here | water | 1.2bn litres per day | february | to 516m litres per day result; in 2018 | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2 «NP V NP.patient PP.extent PP.initial_state PP.result»: agent=Causer it=Patient from litre=Initial_State to litre=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Cape Town», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cape_Town/92/