Cape Verde, sentence 86

From Wikipedia, «Cape Verde», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

Having fought their only battles in the war for independence against Portugal between 1974 and 1975, the efforts of the Cape Verdean armed forces have turned to combatting international drug trafficking.

Who acts: Guard · What happens: have, fight, turn, combatt, battle · To what, where: only battles, war, efforts, international drug trafficking

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cape Verde». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Guard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 fought	nsubj
2	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 battles	nmod:poss
4	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 battles	amod
5	battles	battle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 fought	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 war	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 war	det
8	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fought	obl
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 independence	case
10	independence	independence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fought	obl
11	against	against	ADP	_	12 Portugal	case
12	Portugal	Portugal	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 independence	nmod
13	between	between	ADP	_	14 1974	case
14	1974	1974	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 fought	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 1975	cc
16	1975	1975	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 1974	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 efforts	punct
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 efforts	det
19	efforts	effort	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 turned	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	25 forces	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 forces	det
22	Cape	Cape	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 Verdean	flat
23	Verdean	Verdean	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 forces	compound
24	armed	armed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 forces	amod
25	forces	force	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 turned	obl
26	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 turned	aux
27	turned	turn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 fought	parataxis
28	to	to	SCONJ	_	29 combatting	mark
29	combatting	combatt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	27 turned	advcl
30	international	international	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 trafficking	amod
31	drug	drug	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 trafficking	compound
32	trafficking	trafficking	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 combatting	obj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 fought	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	gerund					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	fight	past		Guard's only battles	the war	for independence against Portugal; between 1974	vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Co-Agent
3	turn	present · perfect		the efforts		of the Verdean armed forces	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme of force=Trajectory
4	combatt	gerund		international drug trafficking			tree rules
5	battle		Guard				nom battle «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Cape Verde», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Cape_Verde/86/

🌲 Cape Verde, sentence 86

The tree

Pragmatics

Cape Verde, sentence 86