Central African Republic, sentence 175
From Wikipedia, «Central African Republic», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
A new constitution was approved by voters in a referendum held on 5 December 2004.
Who acts: voters · What happens: approve, hold · To what, where: new constitution, referendum, 5
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Central African Republic». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (voters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 constitution | det |
| 2 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 constitution | amod |
| 3 | constitution | constitution | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 approved | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 approved | aux:pass |
| 5 | approved | approve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 voters | case |
| 7 | voters | voter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 approved | obl:agent |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 referendum | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 referendum | det |
| 10 | referendum | referendum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 approved | obl |
| 11 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 referendum | acl |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 5 | case |
| 13 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 held | obl |
| 14 | December | December | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 5 | nmod:unmarked |
| 15 | 2004 | 2004 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 5 | nmod:unmarked |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 approved | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | approve | past · passive | voters | a new constitution | a referendum | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary | |||
| 2 | hold | participle | a referendum not said here | 5 December 2004 | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on 5=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Central African Republic», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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