China, sentence 237
From Wikipedia, «China», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The petitioning system allows citizens to raise complaints of wrongdoing, although the concerns are often left unaddressed, and some petitioners have faced punitive arrest or incarceration.
Who acts: petitioning system, citizens, petitioners, wrongdoing · What happens: allow, raise, leave, have, complain · To what, where: citizens, complaints, concerns, faced punitive arrest
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «China». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (petitioning system, citizens, petitioners, wrongdoing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 system | det |
| 2 | petitioning | petitioning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 system | compound |
| 3 | system | system | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 allows | nsubj |
| 4 | allows | allow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | citizens | citizen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 allows | obj |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 raise | mark |
| 7 | raise | raise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 allows | xcomp |
| 8 | complaints | complaint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 raise | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 wrongdoing | case |
| 10 | wrongdoing | wrongdoing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 complaints | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 left | punct |
| 12 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 17 left | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 concerns | det |
| 14 | concerns | concern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 left | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 left | aux:pass |
| 16 | often | often | ADV | _ | 17 left | advmod |
| 17 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 raise | advcl |
| 18 | unaddressed | unaddressed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 left | xcomp |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 have | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 have | cc |
| 21 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 22 petitioners | det |
| 22 | petitioners | petitioner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 have | nsubj |
| 23 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 allows | parataxis |
| 24 | faced | faced | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 arrest | amod |
| 25 | punitive | punitive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 arrest | amod |
| 26 | arrest | arrest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 have | obj |
| 27 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 28 incarceration | cc |
| 28 | incarceration | incarceration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 arrest | conj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 allows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | allow | present | the petitioning system | citizens | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer citizen=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | raise not said to happen | to-infinitive | citizens not said here | complaints of wrongdoing | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent complaint=Theme | ||||
| 3 | leave | present · passive | the concerns | often, unaddressed property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have | present | some petitioners | faced punitive arrest or incarceration | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrest=Patient | ||||
| 5 | complain | wrongdoing | nom complaint «state intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «China», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/China/237/