Colombia, sentence 135
From Wikipedia, «Colombia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The United States has been heavily involved in the conflict since its beginnings, when in the early 1960s the U.S. government encouraged the Colombian military to attack leftist militias in rural Colombia.
Who acts: United States, U.S. government, Organization · What happens: be, encourage, attack, begin · To what, where: conflict, Colombian military, early 1960s, leftist militias, rural Colombia
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Colombia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (United States, U.S. government, Organization), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 States | det |
| 2 | United | United | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 States | amod |
| 3 | States | State | PROPN | Number=Plur | 7 involved | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 involved | aux |
| 5 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 involved | cop |
| 6 | heavily | heavily | ADV | _ | 7 involved | advmod |
| 7 | involved | involved | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 conflict | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 conflict | det |
| 10 | conflict | conflict | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 involved | obl |
| 11 | since | since | ADP | _ | 13 beginnings | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 beginnings | nmod:poss |
| 13 | beginnings | beginning | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 conflict | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 encouraged | punct |
| 15 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 23 encouraged | advmod |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 1960s | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 1960s | det |
| 18 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 1960s | amod |
| 19 | 1960s | 1960s | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 23 encouraged | obl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 government | det |
| 21 | U.S. | U.S. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 government | compound |
| 22 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 encouraged | nsubj |
| 23 | encouraged | encourage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 involved | conj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 military | det |
| 25 | Colombian | Colombian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 military | compound |
| 26 | military | military | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 encouraged | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 attack | mark |
| 28 | attack | attack | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 encouraged | advcl |
| 29 | leftist | leftist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 militias | compound |
| 30 | militias | militia | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 attack | obj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 Colombia | case |
| 32 | rural | rural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 Colombia | amod |
| 33 | Colombia | Colombia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 attack | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 involved | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present · perfect | the United States | the conflict since Organization's beginnings | heavily, involved property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | encourage | past | the U.S. government | the Colombian military | the early 1960s | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent military=Theme | |||
| 3 | attack | to-infinitive | the U.S. government not said here | leftist militias | rural Colombia | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent militia=Patient | |||
| 4 | begin | Organization | nom beginning «event transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Colombia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Colombia/135/