Colombo, sentence 142
From Wikipedia, «Colombo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Three-wheelers are entirely operated by individuals and hardly regulated whilst cab services are run by private companies and are metered.
Who acts: individuals, private companies · What happens: operate, regulate, run, meter · To what, where: Three wheelers, cab services
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Colombo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (individuals, private companies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 wheelers | nummod |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Three | punct |
| 3 | wheelers | wheeler | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 operated | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 operated | aux:pass |
| 5 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 6 operated | advmod |
| 6 | operated | operate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 individuals | case |
| 8 | individuals | individual | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 operated | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 regulated | cc |
| 10 | hardly | hardly | ADV | _ | 11 regulated | advmod |
| 11 | regulated | regulate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 operated | conj |
| 12 | whilst | whilst | SCONJ | _ | 16 run | mark |
| 13 | cab | cab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 services | compound |
| 14 | services | service | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 run | nsubj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 run | aux:pass |
| 16 | run | run | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 regulated | ccomp |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 companies | case |
| 18 | private | private | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 companies | amod |
| 19 | companies | company | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 run | obl:agent |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 metered | cc |
| 21 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 metered | aux:pass |
| 22 | metered | meter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 run | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 operated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | operate | present · passive | individuals | Three wheelers | entirely property | vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Theme subject=Attribute | |||
| 2 | regulate | participle | individuals not said here | hardly property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | run | present · passive | private companies | cab services | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | meter | present · passive | private companies not said here | vn register-54.1-2 «NP V NP» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Colombo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Colombo/142/