Cyprus, sentence 301
From Wikipedia, «Cyprus», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Fitch stated Cyprus would need an additional €4 billion to support its banks and the downgrade was mainly due to the exposure of Bank of Cyprus, Cyprus Popular Bank, and Hellenic Bank, Cyprus's three largest banks, to the Greek government-debt crisis.
Who acts: Fitch, Cyprus, downgrade · What happens: state, need, support, be · To what, where: Hellenic Bank, additional €, banks · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Cyprus». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fitch, Cyprus, downgrade), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fitch | Fitch | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 stated | nsubj |
| 2 | stated | state | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Cyprus | Cyprus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 need | nsubj |
| 4 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 need | aux |
| 5 | need | need | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 stated | ccomp |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 € | det |
| 7 | additional | additional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 € | amod |
| 8 | € | € | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 need | obj |
| 9 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 billion | compound |
| 10 | billion | billion | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 need | obl |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 support | mark |
| 12 | support | support | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 need | advcl |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 banks | nmod:poss |
| 14 | banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 support | obj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 Bank | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 downgrade | det |
| 17 | downgrade | downgrade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 Bank | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 Bank | cop |
| 19 | mainly | mainly | ADV | _ | 31 Bank | advmod |
| 20 | due | due | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 31 Bank | case |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 due | fixed |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 exposure | det |
| 23 | exposure | exposure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 Bank | nsubj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Bank | case |
| 25 | Bank | Bank | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 exposure | nmod |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Cyprus | case |
| 27 | Cyprus | Cyprus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Bank | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Popular | punct |
| 29 | Cyprus | Cyprus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Popular | compound |
| 30 | Popular | Popular | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Bank | compound |
| 31 | Bank | Bank | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 stated | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Bank | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 Bank | cc |
| 34 | Hellenic | Hellenic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Bank | compound |
| 35 | Bank | Bank | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 stated | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 banks | punct |
| 37 | Cyprus | Cyprus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 banks | nmod:poss |
| 38 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 37 Cyprus | case |
| 39 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 41 banks | nummod |
| 40 | largest | large | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 41 banks | amod |
| 41 | banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 Bank | conj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 crisis | punct |
| 43 | to | to | ADP | _ | 49 crisis | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 crisis | det |
| 45 | Greek | Greek | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 crisis | amod |
| 46 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 debt | compound |
| 47 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 46 government | punct |
| 48 | debt | debt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 crisis | compound |
| 49 | crisis | crisis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 banks | conj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | state speech: other | past | Fitch | Hellenic Bank and Cyprus's three largest banks and the Greek debt crisis | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | need | would | Cyprus | a additional € | 4 billion obl | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot €=Theme | |||
| 3 | support | to-infinitive | Cyprus not said here | €'s banks | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bank=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | is | past | the downgrade | due Popular Bank; of Cyprus; the exposure of Bank nsubj; mainly property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Cyprus», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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