Dakar, sentence 47
From Wikipedia, «Dakar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Urbanization during the colonial period was marked by forms of racial and social segregation—often expressed in terms of health and hygiene—which continue to structure the city today.
Who acts: forms · What happens: mark, express, continue, structure, form, term · To what, where: Urbanization, terms, city, racial segregation, health
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Dakar». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Urbanization | urbanization | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 marked | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | during | during | ADP | _ | 5 period | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 period | det |
| 4 | colonial | colonial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 period | amod |
| 5 | period | period | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Urbanization | nmod |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 marked | aux:pass |
| 7 | marked | mark | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 forms | case |
| 9 | forms | form | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 marked | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 segregation | case |
| 11 | racial | racial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 segregation | amod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 social | cc |
| 13 | social | social | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 racial | conj |
| 14 | segregation | segregation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 forms | nmod |
| 15 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 expressed | punct |
| 16 | often | often | ADV | _ | 17 expressed | advmod |
| 17 | expressed | express | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 marked | conj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 terms | case |
| 19 | terms | term | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 expressed | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 health | case |
| 21 | health | health | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 terms | nmod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 hygiene | cc |
| 23 | hygiene | hygiene | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 health | conj |
| 24 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 continue | punct |
| 25 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 continue | nsubj |
| 26 | continue | continue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 expressed | conj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 structure | mark |
| 28 | structure | structure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 continue | xcomp |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 city | det |
| 30 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 structure | obj |
| 31 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 structure | obl:unmarked |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 marked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mark | past · passive | forms of racial segregation | Urbanization during the colonial period | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Destination | ||||
| 2 | express | participle | forms of racial segregation not said here | terms of health and hygiene | often property | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | continue | present | which nsubj | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | structure | to-infinitive | the city | today | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | form | racial segregation | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | term | health and hygiene | nom term «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Dakar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dakar/47/