Dakar, sentence 5
From Wikipedia, «Dakar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Portuguese established a presence on the island of Gorée off the coast of Cap-Vert and used it as a base for the Atlantic slave trade.
Who acts: Portuguese · What happens: establish, use · To what, where: presence, island, Portuguese
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Dakar». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Portuguese), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Portuguese | det |
| 2 | Portuguese | Portuguese | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 established | nsubj |
| 3 | established | establish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 presence | det |
| 5 | presence | presence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 established | obj |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 island | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 island | det |
| 8 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 established | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Gorée | case |
| 10 | Gorée | Gorée | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 island | nmod |
| 11 | off | off | ADP | _ | 13 coast | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 coast | det |
| 13 | coast | coast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 established | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 Cap | case |
| 15 | Cap | Cap | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 coast | nmod |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 Vert | punct |
| 17 | Vert | Vert | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Cap | conj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 used | cc |
| 19 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 established | conj |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 used | obj |
| 21 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 base | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 base | det |
| 23 | base | base | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 used | obl |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 trade | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 trade | det |
| 26 | Atlantic | Atlantic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 trade | compound |
| 27 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 trade | compound |
| 28 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 used | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 established | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | establish | past | the Portuguese | a presence | the island of Gorée | off the coast of Cap and Vert | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent presence=Theme on island=Source | ||
| 2 | use | past | the Portuguese not said here | Portuguese | as a base; for the Atlantic slave trade | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent it=Duration as base=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Dakar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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