Damascus, sentence 116
From Wikipedia, «Damascus», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Seleucus I Nicator, one of Alexander's generals, made Antioch the capital of his empire, which led to the decline of Damascus's importance compared with new Seleucid cities such as Syrian Laodicea in the north.
Who acts: Seleucus, empire, importance · What happens: make, lead, compare, decline · To what, where: Antioch
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Damascus». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Seleucus, empire, importance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Seleucus | Seleucus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 made | nsubj |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 1 Seleucus | flat |
| 3 | Nicator | Nicator | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Seleucus | flat |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 one | punct |
| 5 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 1 Seleucus | appos |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 generals | case |
| 7 | Alexander | Alexander | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 generals | nmod:poss |
| 8 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 7 Alexander | case |
| 9 | generals | general | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 one | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Seleucus | punct |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | Antioch | Antioch | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 made | obj |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 capital | det |
| 14 | capital | capital | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | xcomp |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 empire | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 empire | nmod:poss |
| 17 | empire | empire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 capital | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 led | punct |
| 19 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 led | nsubj |
| 20 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 empire | acl:relcl |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 decline | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 decline | det |
| 23 | decline | decline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 compared | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 importance | case |
| 25 | Damascus | Damascus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 importance | nmod:poss |
| 26 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 25 Damascus | case |
| 27 | importance | importance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 decline | nmod |
| 28 | compared | compare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 led | advcl |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 cities | case |
| 30 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 cities | amod |
| 31 | Seleucid | seleucid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 cities | compound |
| 32 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 compared | obl |
| 33 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 36 Laodicea | case |
| 34 | as | as | ADP | _ | 33 such | fixed |
| 35 | Syrian | Syrian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 Laodicea | amod |
| 36 | Laodicea | Laodicea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 cities | nmod |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 north | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 north | det |
| 39 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 Laodicea | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Seleucus | Antioch | the capital of Seleucus's empire xcomp | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antioch=Product | |||
| 2 | lead | past | Seleucus's empire | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | |||||
| 3 | compare | past | Seleucus's empire not said here | to the decline of Damascus's importance; with new Seleucid cities such Syrian Laodicea in the north | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with city=Co-Patient | ||||
| 4 | decline | Damascus's importance | nom decline «process intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Damascus», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Damascus/116/