Estonia, sentence 28
From Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Archaeological estimates place the population within Estonian territory at c. 10,000 inhabitants in 2000 BC, growing from c. 6000 in around 3900 BC.
Who acts: 10,000 inhabitants · What happens: grow · To what, where: c.
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (10,000 inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Archaeological | archaeological | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 estimates | amod |
| 2 | estimates | estimate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 place | compound |
| 3 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 population | det |
| 5 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 place | appos |
| 6 | within | within | ADP | _ | 8 territory | case |
| 7 | Estonian | Estonian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 territory | compound |
| 8 | territory | territory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 population | nmod |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 c. | case |
| 10 | c. | c. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 territory | nmod |
| 11 | 10,000 | 10000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 inhabitants | nummod |
| 12 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 c. | conj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 2000 | case |
| 14 | 2000 | 2000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 inhabitants | nmod |
| 15 | BC | BC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 2000 | nmod:unmarked |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 growing | punct |
| 17 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 inhabitants | acl |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 c. | case |
| 19 | c. | c. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 growing | obl |
| 20 | 6000 | 6000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 c. | flat |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 3900 | case |
| 22 | around | around | ADP | _ | 23 3900 | case |
| 23 | 3900 | 3900 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 growing | obl |
| 24 | BC | BC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 3900 | nmod:unmarked |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 place | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | gerund | 10,000 inhabitants in 2000 BC not said here | c. | in 3900 BC | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 3900=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Estonia/28/