Ethiopia, sentence 91
From Wikipedia, «Ethiopia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
A coin dated to 324 shows that Ethiopia was the second country to officially adopt Christianity (after Armenia did so in 301), although the religion may have been at first confined to court circles; it was the first major power to do so.
Who acts: coin, Ethiopia, Armenia, religion · What happens: date, show, be, adopt, do, confine · To what, where: coin, second country, Christianity, religion, court circles, first major power · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ethiopia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (coin, Ethiopia, Armenia, religion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 coin | det |
| 2 | coin | coin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 shows | nsubj |
| 3 | dated | date | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 coin | acl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 324 | case |
| 5 | 324 | 324 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 dated | obl |
| 6 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 country | mark |
| 8 | Ethiopia | Ethiopia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 country | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 country | cop |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 country | det |
| 11 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 12 country | amod |
| 12 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 shows | ccomp |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 adopt | mark |
| 14 | officially | officially | ADV | _ | 15 adopt | advmod |
| 15 | adopt | adopt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 country | advcl |
| 16 | Christianity | Christianity | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 country | appos |
| 17 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 did | punct |
| 18 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 20 did | mark |
| 19 | Armenia | Armenia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 did | nsubj |
| 20 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 Christianity | acl:relcl |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 301 | advmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 301 | case |
| 23 | 301 | 301 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 did | parataxis |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 23 301 | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 confined | punct |
| 26 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 34 confined | mark |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 religion | det |
| 28 | religion | religion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 confined | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 confined | aux |
| 30 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 34 confined | aux |
| 31 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 34 confined | aux:pass |
| 32 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 34 confined | mark |
| 33 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 34 confined | advmod |
| 34 | confined | confine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 did | conj |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 circles | case |
| 36 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 circles | compound |
| 37 | circles | circle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 confined | obl |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 44 power | punct |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 power | nsubj |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 power | cop |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 power | det |
| 42 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 44 power | amod |
| 43 | major | major | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 power | amod |
| 44 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 country | conj |
| 45 | to | to | PART | _ | 46 do | mark |
| 46 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 power | acl |
| 47 | so | so | ADV | _ | 46 do | advmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 shows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | date | participle | a coin not said here | to 324 | vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | show | present | a coin | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | Ethiopia | the second country and the first major power | Christianity appos | tree rules | |||
| 4 | adopt | to-infinitive | Ethiopia not said here | officially property | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | do | past | Armenia | Christianity not said here | 301 parataxis | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent christianity=Eventuality | |||
| 6 | confine | may · perfect · passive | the religion | court circles | first property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to circle=Destination | |||
| 7 | is a | past | religion | the first major power | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | do | to-infinitive | Ethiopia not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ethiopia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ethiopia/91/