Finland, sentence 258
From Wikipedia, «Finland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Finland had, for most of its independence a semi-presidential system of government, but in the last few decades the powers of the president have become more circumscribed, and consequently the country is now considered a parliamentary republic.
Who acts: Finland, powers · What happens: have, become, circumscribe, consider · To what, where: country
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Finland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Finland, powers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Finland | Finland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 system | punct |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 most | case |
| 5 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 11 system | obl |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 independence | case |
| 7 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 independence | nmod:poss |
| 8 | independence | independence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 most | nmod |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 system | det |
| 10 | semi-presidential | semi-presidential | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 system | amod |
| 11 | system | system | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | conj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 government | case |
| 13 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 system | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 become | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 become | cc |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 decades | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 decades | det |
| 18 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 decades | amod |
| 19 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 decades | amod |
| 20 | decades | decade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 become | obl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 powers | det |
| 22 | powers | power | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 become | nsubj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 president | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 president | det |
| 25 | president | president | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 powers | nmod |
| 26 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 become | aux |
| 27 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 had | conj |
| 28 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 29 circumscribed | advmod |
| 29 | circumscribed | circumscribe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 become | advcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 considered | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 considered | cc |
| 32 | consequently | consequently | ADV | _ | 37 considered | advmod |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 country | det |
| 34 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 considered | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 considered | aux:pass |
| 36 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 37 considered | advmod |
| 37 | considered | consider | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 had | conj |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 republic | det |
| 39 | parliamentary | parliamentary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 republic | amod |
| 40 | republic | republic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 considered | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Finland | a semi-presidential system of government conj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | become | present · perfect | the powers of the president | decade | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | circumscribe | participle | the powers of the president not said here | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | consider | present · passive | the country | now | a parliamentary republic xcomp; consequently property | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Finland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Finland/258/