France, sentence 35
From Wikipedia, «France», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
It is traditionally derived from the Proto-Germanic word frankōn, which translates to 'javelin' or 'lance' (the throwing axe of the Franks was known as the francisca), although these weapons may have been named because of their use by the Franks, not the other way around.
Who acts: word frankōn, Franks · What happens: derive, translate, throw, know, name, use · To what, where: etymology, word frankōn, lance, weapons
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «France». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (word frankōn, Franks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 derived | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 derived | aux:pass |
| 3 | traditionally | traditionally | ADV | _ | 4 derived | advmod |
| 4 | derived | derive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 frankōn | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 frankōn | det |
| 7 | Proto | Proto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 word | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 Proto | punct |
| 9 | Germanic | germanic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 word | amod |
| 10 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 frankōn | compound |
| 11 | frankōn | frankōn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 derived | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 translates | punct |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 translates | nsubj |
| 14 | translates | translate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 frankōn | acl:relcl |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 javelin | case |
| 16 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 javelin | punct |
| 17 | javelin | javelin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 known | obl |
| 18 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 javelin | punct |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 lance | cc |
| 20 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 21 lance | punct |
| 21 | lance | lance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 known | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 21 lance | punct |
| 23 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 axe | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 axe | det |
| 25 | throwing | throw | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 axe | amod |
| 26 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 known | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 Franks | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Franks | det |
| 29 | Franks | frank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 axe | nmod |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 known | aux:pass |
| 31 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 translates | ccomp |
| 32 | as | as | ADP | _ | 34 francisca | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 francisca | det |
| 34 | francisca | francisca | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 known | obl |
| 35 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 31 known | punct |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 named | punct |
| 37 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 43 named | mark |
| 38 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 39 weapons | det |
| 39 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 named | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 named | aux |
| 41 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 43 named | aux |
| 42 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 43 named | aux:pass |
| 43 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 translates | conj |
| 44 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 47 use | case |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 because | fixed |
| 46 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 use | nmod:poss |
| 47 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 named | obl |
| 48 | by | by | ADP | _ | 50 Franks | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 Franks | det |
| 50 | Franks | frank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 named | obl |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 way | punct |
| 52 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 55 way | advmod |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 way | det |
| 54 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 way | amod |
| 55 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 Franks | appos |
| 56 | around | around | ADV | _ | 55 way | advmod |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 derived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | derive | present · passive | etymology | the word frankōn | traditionally property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from frankōn=Material | |||
| 2 | translate | present | the word frankōn | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | throw | gerund | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 4 | know | past · passive | lance | to javelin; as the francisca; the throwing axe of the Franks nsubj:pass | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as francisca=Attribute | ||||
| 5 | name | may · perfect · passive | the Franks | this weapons | because Franks's use | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 6 | use | Franks = frank | nom use «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «France», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/France/35/