Gaborone, sentence 248
From Wikipedia, «Gaborone», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The growth of Gaborone, especially suburban growth, has caused much of the farmland surrounding the city to be absorbed into the city.
Who acts: growth, farmland, Gaborone · What happens: cause, surround, absorb, grow · To what, where: much, city
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Gaborone». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (growth, farmland, Gaborone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 growth | det |
| 2 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 caused | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Gaborone | case |
| 4 | Gaborone | Gaborone | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 growth | nmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 growth | punct |
| 6 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 8 growth | advmod |
| 7 | suburban | suburban | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 growth | compound |
| 8 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 growth | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 growth | punct |
| 10 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 caused | aux |
| 11 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 12 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 caused | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 farmland | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 farmland | det |
| 15 | farmland | farmland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 much | nmod |
| 16 | surrounding | surround | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 farmland | acl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 city | det |
| 18 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 surrounding | obj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 absorbed | mark |
| 20 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 21 absorbed | aux:pass |
| 21 | absorbed | absorb | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 city | acl |
| 22 | into | into | ADP | _ | 24 city | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 city | det |
| 24 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 absorbed | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 caused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause | present · perfect | the growth of Gaborone and suburban growth | much of the farmland | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition much=Patient | ||||
| 2 | surround | gerund | the farmland not said here | the city | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme city=Co-Theme | ||||
| 3 | absorb | to-infinitive · passive | the farmland not said here | the city not said here | the city | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP» | |||
| 4 | grow | Gaborone | nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Gaborone», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Gaborone/248/