Ghana, sentence 200
From Wikipedia, «Ghana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The country, which was planning to borrow up to $5 billion in international markets, would use the proceeds from these sustainable bonds to refinance debt used for social and environmental projects and pay for educational or health.
Who acts: country · What happens: plan, borrow up, use, proceed, refinance, pay · To what, where: international markets, sustainable bonds, debt
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ghana». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (country), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 country | det |
| 2 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 use | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 planning | punct |
| 4 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 planning | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 planning | aux |
| 6 | planning | plan | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 country | conj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 borrow | mark |
| 8 | borrow | borrow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 planning | xcomp |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 borrow | compound:prt |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 $ | case |
| 11 | $ | $ | SYM | _ | 8 borrow | obl |
| 12 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 billion | compound |
| 13 | billion | billion | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 $ | nummod |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 markets | case |
| 15 | international | international | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 markets | amod |
| 16 | markets | market | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 borrow | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 country | punct |
| 18 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 use | aux |
| 19 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 proceeds | det |
| 21 | proceeds | proceed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 use | ccomp |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 bonds | case |
| 23 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 25 bonds | det |
| 24 | sustainable | sustainable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 bonds | amod |
| 25 | bonds | bond | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 proceeds | obl |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 refinance | mark |
| 27 | refinance | refinance | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 proceeds | advcl |
| 28 | debt | debt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 refinance | obj |
| 29 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 debt | acl |
| 30 | for | for | ADP | _ | 34 projects | case |
| 31 | social | social | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 projects | amod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 environmental | cc |
| 33 | environmental | environmental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 social | conj |
| 34 | projects | project | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 used | obl |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 pay | cc |
| 36 | pay | pay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 used | conj |
| 37 | for | for | ADP | _ | 38 educational | case |
| 38 | educational | educational | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 pay | obl |
| 39 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 40 health | cc |
| 40 | health | health | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 educational | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 use | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | plan | past · progressive | the country | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | borrow up not said to happen | to-infinitive | the country not said here | international markets | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | use | would | the country | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | proceed | present | the country not said here | this sustainable bonds | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | refinance | to-infinitive | the country not said here | debt | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | use | participle | debt not said here | for social projects | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | pay | present | for educational or health | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for educational=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ghana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ghana/200/