Guatemala, sentence 497
From Wikipedia, «Guatemala», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
So, an additional expansion of bilingual education took place in 1980, when an experimental program in which children were to be instructed in their mother tongue until they are fluent enough in Spanish was created.
Who acts: additional expansion, children · What happens: take, instruct, be, create, expand · To what, where: place, 1980, children, experimental program, Spanish, bilingual education
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Guatemala». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (additional expansion, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 9 took | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 So | punct |
| 3 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 expansion | det |
| 4 | additional | additional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 expansion | amod |
| 5 | expansion | expansion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 took | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 education | case |
| 7 | bilingual | bilingual | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 education | compound |
| 8 | education | education | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 expansion | nmod |
| 9 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 took | obj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 1980 | case |
| 12 | 1980 | 1980 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 took | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 program | punct |
| 14 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 program | advmod |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 program | det |
| 16 | experimental | experimental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 program | amod |
| 17 | program | program | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 took | obl |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 which | case |
| 19 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 instructed | obl |
| 20 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 instructed | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 instructed | aux:pass |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 instructed | mark |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 instructed | aux:pass |
| 24 | instructed | instruct | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 program | acl:relcl |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 tongue | case |
| 26 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 27 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 tongue | compound |
| 28 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 instructed | obl |
| 29 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 32 fluent | mark |
| 30 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 fluent | nsubj |
| 31 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 fluent | cop |
| 32 | fluent | fluent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 took | advcl |
| 33 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 32 fluent | advmod |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 Spanish | case |
| 35 | Spanish | Spanish | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 fluent | obl |
| 36 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 created | aux:pass |
| 37 | created | create | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 fluent | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | a additional expansion of bilingual education | place | 1980 | a experimental program obl | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent place=Value in 1980=Location | ||
| 2 | instruct speech: other | past · passive | a additional expansion of bilingual education not said here | children | a experimental program | in children's mother tongue | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||
| 3 | is | present | children = child | Spanish | enough, fluent property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | create | past · passive | children = child not said here | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP» | |||||
| 5 | expand | bilingual education | nom expansion «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Guatemala», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Guatemala/497/