Guinea-Bissau, sentence 250
From Wikipedia, «Guinea-Bissau», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The remaining rural population speaks a variety of native African languages unique to each ethnicity: Fula (16%), Balanta (14%), Mandinka (7%), Manjak (5%), Papel (3%), Felupe (1%), Beafada (0.7%), Bijagó (0.3%), and Nalu (0.1%), which form the ethnic African languages spoken by the population.
Who acts: remaining rural population, Nalu · What happens: speak, form · To what, where: variety, ethnic African languages · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Guinea-Bissau». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (remaining rural population, Nalu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 population | det |
| 2 | remaining | remaining | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 population | amod |
| 3 | rural | rural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 population | amod |
| 4 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 speaks | nsubj |
| 5 | speaks | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 variety | det |
| 7 | variety | variety | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 speaks | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 languages | case |
| 9 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 languages | amod |
| 10 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 languages | amod |
| 11 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 variety | nmod |
| 12 | unique | unique | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 languages | amod |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 ethnicity | case |
| 14 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 ethnicity | det |
| 15 | ethnicity | ethnicity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 unique | obl |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 Fula | punct |
| 17 | Fula | Fula | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 ethnicity | appos |
| 18 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 % | punct |
| 19 | 16 | 16 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 % | nummod |
| 20 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | appos |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 % | punct |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Balanta | punct |
| 23 | Balanta | Balanta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | conj |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 % | punct |
| 25 | 14 | 14 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 26 % | nummod |
| 26 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 23 Balanta | appos |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 26 % | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Mandinka | punct |
| 29 | Mandinka | Mandinka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | conj |
| 30 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 32 % | punct |
| 31 | 7 | 7 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 32 % | nummod |
| 32 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | appos |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 32 % | punct |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Manjak | punct |
| 35 | Manjak | Manjak | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | conj |
| 36 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 38 % | punct |
| 37 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 38 % | nummod |
| 38 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | appos |
| 39 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 38 % | punct |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 Papel | punct |
| 41 | Papel | Papel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | conj |
| 42 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 44 % | punct |
| 43 | 3 | 3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 44 % | nummod |
| 44 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | appos |
| 45 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 44 % | punct |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 Felupe | punct |
| 47 | Felupe | Felupe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | conj |
| 48 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 50 % | punct |
| 49 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 50 % | nummod |
| 50 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | appos |
| 51 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 50 % | punct |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 Beafada | punct |
| 53 | Beafada | Beafada | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | conj |
| 54 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 56 % | punct |
| 55 | 0.7 | 0.7 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 56 % | nummod |
| 56 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | appos |
| 57 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 56 % | punct |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 Bijagó | punct |
| 59 | Bijagó | Bijagó | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | conj |
| 60 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 62 % | punct |
| 61 | 0.3 | 0.3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 62 % | nummod |
| 62 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 17 Fula | appos |
| 63 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 62 % | punct |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 form | punct |
| 65 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 73 form | cc |
| 66 | Nalu | Nalu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 73 form | nsubj |
| 67 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 69 % | punct |
| 68 | 0.1 | 0.1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 69 % | nummod |
| 69 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 66 Nalu | appos |
| 70 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 69 % | punct |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 form | punct |
| 72 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 73 form | nsubj |
| 73 | form | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 speaks | conj |
| 74 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 77 languages | det |
| 75 | ethnic | ethnic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 77 languages | amod |
| 76 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 77 languages | amod |
| 77 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 73 form | obj |
| 78 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 77 languages | acl |
| 79 | by | by | ADP | _ | 81 population | case |
| 80 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 81 population | det |
| 81 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 78 spoken | obl |
| 82 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 speaks | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | present | the remaining rural population | a variety of native African languages | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | form | present | Nalu | the ethnic African languages | which nsubj | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location language=Theme | |||
| 3 | speak speech: other | participle | the ethnic African languages not said here | by the population | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Guinea-Bissau», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Guinea-Bissau/250/