Haiti, sentence 119
From Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Beginning in 1821, President Jean-Pierre Boyer, also an homme de couleur and successor to Pétion, reunified the island following the suicide of Christophe.
Who acts: Jean, island · What happens: begin, reunify, follow · To what, where: 1821, island, suicide
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Haiti». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jean, island), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Beginning | begin | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 reunified | advcl |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 1821 | case |
| 3 | 1821 | 1821 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 1 Beginning | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Beginning | punct |
| 5 | President | President | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Jean | nmod:desc |
| 6 | Jean | Jean | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 reunified | nsubj |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 Pierre | punct |
| 8 | Pierre | Pierre | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Jean | flat |
| 9 | Boyer | Boyer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Jean | flat |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 homme | punct |
| 11 | also | also | ADV | _ | 13 homme | advmod |
| 12 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 homme | det |
| 13 | homme | homme | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 Jean | appos |
| 14 | de | de | X | Foreign=Yes | 13 homme | flat:foreign |
| 15 | couleur | couleur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 homme | conj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 successor | cc |
| 17 | successor | successor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 couleur | conj |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 Pétion | case |
| 19 | Pétion | Pétion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 homme | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 reunified | punct |
| 21 | reunified | reunify | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 island | det |
| 23 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 reunified | obj |
| 24 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 island | acl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 suicide | det |
| 26 | suicide | suicide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 following | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Christophe | case |
| 28 | Christophe | Christophe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 suicide | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 reunified | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | gerund | Jean President not said here | 1821 | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | reunify | past | Jean President | the island | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | follow | gerund | the island not said here | the suicide of Christophe | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent suicide=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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