Haiti, sentence 158
From Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Geffrard was overthrown in a coup in 1867, as was his successor, Sylvain Salnave, in 1869.
What happens: overthrow, be · To what, where: Geffrard, coup
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Haiti». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Geffrard | Geffrard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 overthrown | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 overthrown | aux:pass |
| 3 | overthrown | overthrow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 coup | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 coup | det |
| 6 | coup | coup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 overthrown | obl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 1867 | case |
| 8 | 1867 | 1867 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 overthrown | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 successor | punct |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 13 successor | case |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 successor | cop |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 successor | nmod:poss |
| 13 | successor | successor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 overthrown | parataxis |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Sylvain | punct |
| 15 | Sylvain | Sylvain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 successor | appos |
| 16 | Salnave | Salnave | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Sylvain | flat |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 1869 | punct |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 1869 | case |
| 19 | 1869 | 1869 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 overthrown | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 overthrown | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | overthrow | past · passive | Geffrard | a coup | in 1867; in 1869 | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | past | as Geffrard's successor; Geffrard nmod:poss; Sylvain appos | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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