Haiti, sentence 22
From Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In French, the ï in Haïti has a diacritical mark, a diaeresis (used to show that the second vowel is pronounced separately, as in the word naïve), while the H is silent.
Who acts: ï, H · What happens: have, use, show, pronounce, be · To what, where: diacritical mark, French, diaeresis, second vowel · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Haiti». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ï, H), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 French | case |
| 2 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 has | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 French | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 ï | det |
| 5 | ï | ï | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 has | nsubj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Haïti | case |
| 7 | Haïti | Haïti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 ï | nmod |
| 8 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 mark | det |
| 10 | diacritical | diacritical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 mark | amod |
| 11 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 has | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 diaeresis | punct |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 diaeresis | det |
| 14 | diaeresis | diaeresis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 mark | conj |
| 15 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 used | punct |
| 16 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 diaeresis | acl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 show | mark |
| 18 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 used | advcl |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 pronounced | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 vowel | det |
| 21 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 22 vowel | amod |
| 22 | vowel | vowel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 pronounced | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 pronounced | aux:pass |
| 24 | pronounced | pronounce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 show | ccomp |
| 25 | separately | separately | ADV | _ | 24 pronounced | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 naïve | punct |
| 27 | as | as | ADP | _ | 31 naïve | case |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 naïve | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 naïve | det |
| 30 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 naïve | compound |
| 31 | naïve | naïve | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 pronounced | obl |
| 32 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 16 used | punct |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 silent | punct |
| 34 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 38 silent | mark |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 H | det |
| 36 | H | H | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 silent | nsubj |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 silent | cop |
| 38 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 has | parataxis |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the ï in Haïti | a diacritical mark and a diaeresis | French | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Patient | |||
| 2 | use | participle | a diaeresis not said here | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | show | to-infinitive | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 4 | pronounce | present · passive | the second vowel | as the word naïve; separately property | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | present | the H | silent property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Haiti/22/