Haiti, sentence 55

From Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

The French set about creating sugar and coffee plantations, worked by vast numbers of those enslaved imported from Africa, and Saint-Domingue grew to become their richest colonial possession, generating 40% of France’s foreign trade and doubling the wealth generation of all of England’s colonies, combined.

Who acts: French set, Saint Domingue, plantations, France · What happens: create, work, enslave, import, grow, become · To what, where: sugar, coffee plantations, Africa, richest colonial possession, wealth generation, colonies

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Haiti». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French set, Saint Domingue, plantations, France), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 set	det
2	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 set	amod
3	set	set	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 grew	conj
4	about	about	SCONJ	_	5 creating	mark
5	creating	create	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 set	acl
6	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 creating	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 plantations	cc
8	coffee	coffee	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 plantations	compound
9	plantations	plantation	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sugar	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 worked	punct
11	worked	work	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 plantations	acl
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 numbers	case
13	vast	vast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 numbers	amod
14	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 worked	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 those	case
16	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	14 numbers	nmod
17	enslaved	enslave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 those	acl
18	imported	import	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 enslaved	xcomp
19	from	from	ADP	_	20 Africa	case
20	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 imported	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 grew	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 grew	cc
23	Saint	Saint	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 Domingue	compound
24	-	-	PUNCT	_	25 Domingue	punct
25	Domingue	Domingue	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 grew	nsubj
26	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
27	to	to	PART	_	28 become	mark
28	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 grew	xcomp
29	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 possession	nmod:poss
30	richest	rich	ADJ	Degree=Sup	32 possession	amod
31	colonial	colonial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 possession	amod
32	possession	possession	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 become	xcomp
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 generating	punct
34	generating	generate	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	26 grew	advcl
35	40	40	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	36 %	nummod
36	%	%	SYM	Number=Sing	34 generating	obj
37	of	of	ADP	_	41 trade	case
38	France	France	PROPN	Number=Sing	41 trade	nmod:poss
39	’s	's	PART	_	38 France	case
40	foreign	foreign	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 trade	amod
41	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 %	nmod
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 doubling	cc
43	doubling	double	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	34 generating	conj
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 generation	det
45	wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 generation	compound
46	generation	generation	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 doubling	obj
47	of	of	ADP	_	48 all	case
48	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	46 generation	nmod
49	of	of	ADP	_	52 colonies	case
50	England	England	PROPN	Number=Sing	52 colonies	nmod:poss
51	’s	's	PART	_	50 England	case
52	colonies	colony	NOUN	Number=Plur	48 all	nmod
53	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 combined	punct
54	combined	combine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	52 colonies	acl
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	26 grew	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	create	gerund	the French set not said here	sugar and coffee plantations			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Result
2	work	participle		coffee plantations not said here		by vast numbers of those	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	enslave	participle					tree rules
4	import	participle			Africa		vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from africa=Initial_Location
5	grow	past	Saint Domingue			the French set conj	tree rules
6	become	to-infinitive	Saint Domingue not said here	plantations's richest colonial possession			vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
7	generate	gerund	Saint Domingue not said here				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent %=Patient
8	double	gerund	Saint Domingue not said here	the wealth generation of all of England's colonies			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent generation=Patient
9	combine	participle		England's colonies not said here			vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
10	possess		plantations = plantation				nom possession «act transitive»: poss=agent
11	trade		France				nom trade «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Haiti/55/

🌲 Haiti, sentence 55

The tree

Pragmatics

Haiti, sentence 55