Haiti, sentence 85
From Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
With slavery abolished, Louverture pledged allegiance to France, and he fought off the British and Spanish forces who had taken advantage of the situation and had invaded Saint-Domingue.
Who acts: Louverture, support, British forces · What happens: abolish, pledge, fight off, take, invade · To what, where: slavery, allegiance, France, British forces, advantage, Saint
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Haiti». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Louverture, support, British forces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 2 slavery | case |
| 2 | slavery | slavery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 pledged | obl |
| 3 | abolished | abolish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 slavery | acl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 slavery | punct |
| 5 | Louverture | Louverture | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 pledged | nsubj |
| 6 | pledged | pledge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | allegiance | allegiance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 pledged | obj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 France | case |
| 9 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 pledged | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 fought | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 fought | cc |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 fought | nsubj |
| 13 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 pledged | conj |
| 14 | off | off | ADP | _ | 19 forces | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 forces | det |
| 16 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 forces | amod |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 Spanish | cc |
| 18 | Spanish | Spanish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 British | conj |
| 19 | forces | force | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 fought | obl |
| 20 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 taken | nsubj |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 taken | aux |
| 22 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 forces | acl:relcl |
| 23 | advantage | advantage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 taken | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 situation | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 situation | det |
| 26 | situation | situation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 advantage | nmod |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 invaded | cc |
| 28 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 invaded | aux |
| 29 | invaded | invade | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 fought | conj |
| 30 | Saint | Saint | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 invaded | obj |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 Domingue | punct |
| 32 | Domingue | Domingue | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Saint | flat |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 pledged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | abolish | participle | slavery not said here | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | pledge | past | Louverture | allegiance | France | with slavery | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent allegiance=Theme to france=Goal | ||
| 3 | fight off | past | support | the British forces | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Co-Agent | ||||
| 4 | take | past · perfect | the British forces | advantage of the situation | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advantage=Theme | ||||
| 5 | invade | past · perfect | support not said here | Saint | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Haiti/85/