Helsinki, sentence 30
From Wikipedia, «Helsinki», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
When Finland became the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous state under the rule of the Russian Empire, Helsinki was known as Gel'singfors (Гельсингфорс) in Russian, because the main and official language of the Grand Duchy of Finland was Swedish.
Who acts: Finland, Russian Empire, main language · What happens: become, know, be, rule · To what, where: Helsinki
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Helsinki». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Finland, Russian Empire, main language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 became | advmod |
| 2 | Finland | Finland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 became | nsubj |
| 3 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Duchy | det |
| 5 | Grand | grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 Duchy | amod |
| 6 | Duchy | Duchy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 became | xcomp |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Finland | case |
| 8 | Finland | Finland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Duchy | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 state | punct |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 state | det |
| 11 | autonomous | autonomous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 state | amod |
| 12 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 Duchy | appos |
| 13 | under | under | ADP | _ | 15 rule | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 rule | det |
| 15 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 state | nmod |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Empire | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Empire | det |
| 18 | Russian | Russian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 Empire | amod |
| 19 | Empire | Empire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 rule | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 known | punct |
| 21 | Helsinki | Helsinki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 known | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 known | aux:pass |
| 23 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 Empire | acl |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 25 Gel'singfors | case |
| 25 | Gel'singfors | Gel'singfor | PROPN | Number=Plur | 23 known | obl |
| 26 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 27 Гельсингфорс | punct |
| 27 | Гельсингфорс | Гельсингфорс | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Gel'singfors | conj |
| 28 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 27 Гельсингфорс | punct |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 Russian | case |
| 30 | Russian | Russian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Гельсингфорс | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 Swedish | punct |
| 32 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 45 Swedish | mark |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 language | det |
| 34 | main | main | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 language | amod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 official | cc |
| 36 | official | official | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 main | conj |
| 37 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 Swedish | nsubj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 Duchy | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 Duchy | det |
| 40 | Grand | grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 Duchy | amod |
| 41 | Duchy | Duchy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 language | nmod |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Finland | case |
| 43 | Finland | Finland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Duchy | nmod |
| 44 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 Swedish | cop |
| 45 | Swedish | Swedish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 became | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | Finland | the Grand Duchy of Finland xcomp | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | know | past · passive | the Russian Empire not said here | Helsinki | as Gel'singfors and Гельсингфорс in Russian | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as gel'singfor=Attribute | |||
| 3 | is | past | the main language of the Grand Duchy of Finland | swedish property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | rule | the Russian Empire | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Helsinki», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Helsinki/30/