Iceland, sentence 314
From Wikipedia, «Iceland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Also, health care and education spending have relatively poor returns by OECD measures, though improvements have been made in both areas.
Who acts: health care, OECD measures · What happens: have, make, return · To what, where: poor returns, improvements, areas
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iceland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (health care, OECD measures), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Also | also | ADV | _ | 4 care | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Also | punct |
| 3 | health | health | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 care | compound |
| 4 | care | care | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 have | nsubj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 spending | cc |
| 6 | education | education | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 spending | compound |
| 7 | spending | spending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 care | conj |
| 8 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | relatively | relatively | ADV | _ | 10 poor | advmod |
| 10 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 returns | amod |
| 11 | returns | return | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 have | obj |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 measures | case |
| 13 | OECD | OECD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 measures | compound |
| 14 | measures | measure | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 returns | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 made | punct |
| 16 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 20 made | mark |
| 17 | improvements | improvement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 made | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 made | aux |
| 19 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 made | aux:pass |
| 20 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 have | parataxis |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 areas | case |
| 22 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 23 areas | det |
| 23 | areas | area | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 made | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | health care and education spending | poor returns | by OECD measures | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent return=Patient | |||
| 2 | make | present · perfect · passive | improvements | both areas | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | return | OECD measures | nom return «communication intransitive»: by=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Iceland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Iceland/314/