Iceland, sentence 404
From Wikipedia, «Iceland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The population of the island is believed to have varied from 40,000 to 60,000 in the period ranging from initial settlement until the mid-19th century.
Who acts: period · What happens: believe, vary, range · To what, where: population, 40,000, initial settlement
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iceland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (period), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 population | det |
| 2 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 believed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 island | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 island | det |
| 5 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 population | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 believed | aux:pass |
| 7 | believed | believe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 varied | mark |
| 9 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 10 varied | aux |
| 10 | varied | vary | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 believed | xcomp |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 40,000 | case |
| 12 | 40,000 | 40000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 varied | obl |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 60,000 | case |
| 14 | 60,000 | 60000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 40,000 | nmod |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 period | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 period | det |
| 17 | period | period | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 varied | obl |
| 18 | ranging | range | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 period | acl |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 settlement | case |
| 20 | initial | initial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 settlement | amod |
| 21 | settlement | settlement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 ranging | obl |
| 22 | until | until | ADP | _ | 25 century | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 century | det |
| 24 | mid-19th | mid-19th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 25 century | amod |
| 25 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 ranging | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 believed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | present · passive | the population of the island | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | vary | to-infinitive · perfect | 40,000 to 60,000 | in the period | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute PP.extent PP.initial_state PP.result»: agent=Patient from 40000=Intial_State in period=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | range | gerund | the period not said here | initial settlement | century | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from settlement=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Iceland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Iceland/404/