India, sentence 290
From Wikipedia, «India», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Medical advances made in the last 50 years as well as increased agricultural productivity brought about by the "Green Revolution" have caused India's population to grow rapidly, though India's decennial rates of growth are decreasing: its population grew by 17.64% from 2001 to 2011, compared to 21.54% growth in the previous decade (1991–2001).
Who acts: decennial rates, population · What happens: make, increase, bring about, cause, grow, decrease · To what, where: Medical advances, agricultural productivity, 2001, 1991
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «India». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (decennial rates, population), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Medical | medical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 advances | amod |
| 2 | advances | advance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 caused | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 advances | acl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 years | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 years | det |
| 6 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 years | amod |
| 7 | 50 | 50 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 years | nummod |
| 8 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 made | obl |
| 9 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 12 increased | cc |
| 10 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 as | fixed |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 9 as | fixed |
| 12 | increased | increase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 advances | conj |
| 13 | agricultural | agricultural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 productivity | amod |
| 14 | productivity | productivity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 increased | obj |
| 15 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 productivity | acl |
| 16 | about | about | ADV | _ | 15 brought | advmod |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 Revolution | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Revolution | det |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 Revolution | punct |
| 20 | Green | Green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 Revolution | amod |
| 21 | Revolution | Revolution | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 brought | obl |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 Revolution | punct |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 caused | aux |
| 24 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 25 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 population | nmod:poss |
| 26 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 25 India | case |
| 27 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 caused | obj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 grow | mark |
| 29 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 population | acl |
| 30 | rapidly | rapidly | ADV | _ | 29 grow | advmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 decreasing | punct |
| 32 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 40 decreasing | mark |
| 33 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 rates | nmod:poss |
| 34 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 33 India | case |
| 35 | decennial | decennial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 rates | amod |
| 36 | rates | rate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 decreasing | nsubj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 growth | case |
| 38 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 rates | nmod |
| 39 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 decreasing | aux |
| 40 | decreasing | decrease | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 caused | conj |
| 41 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 44 grew | punct |
| 42 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 population | nmod:poss |
| 43 | population | population | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 grew | nsubj |
| 44 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 caused | conj |
| 45 | by | by | ADP | _ | 47 % | case |
| 46 | 17.64 | 17.64 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 47 % | nummod |
| 47 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 44 grew | obl |
| 48 | from | from | ADP | _ | 49 2001 | case |
| 49 | 2001 | 2001 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 44 grew | obl |
| 50 | to | to | ADP | _ | 51 2011 | case |
| 51 | 2011 | 2011 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 49 2001 | nmod |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 compared | punct |
| 53 | compared | compare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 grew | conj |
| 54 | to | to | ADP | _ | 57 growth | case |
| 55 | 21.54 | 21.54 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 56 % | nummod |
| 56 | % | % | SYM | Number=Sing | 57 growth | compound |
| 57 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 compared | obl |
| 58 | in | in | ADP | _ | 61 decade | case |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 decade | det |
| 60 | previous | previous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 61 decade | amod |
| 61 | decade | decade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 compared | obl |
| 62 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 63 1991 | punct |
| 63 | 1991 | 1991 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 53 compared | obl |
| 64 | – | – | SYM | ExtPos=ADP | 65 2001 | case |
| 65 | 2001 | 2001 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 63 1991 | nmod |
| 66 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 63 1991 | punct |
| 67 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 caused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | participle | Medical advances not said here | year | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 2 | increase | participle | agricultural productivity | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer productivity=Patient | |||||
| 3 | bring about | participle | agricultural productivity not said here | by the Green Revolution; about property | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition | ||||
| 4 | cause | present · perfect · passive | Medical advances | India's population obj | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Theme population=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | grow | to-infinitive | rapidly property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | decrease | present · progressive | India's decennial rates of growth | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 7 | grow | past | rate's population | 2001 to 2011 | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient by %=Extent from 2001=Initial_State | ||||
| 8 | compare | past | rate's population not said here | 1991 – 2001 | decade | to % growth | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «India», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/India/290/