Indonesia, sentence 261
From Wikipedia, «Indonesia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Malay had long served as a lingua franca in the archipelago before Indonesian nationalists adopted it as a language of unity through the 1928 Youth Pledge.
Who acts: Indonesian nationalists · What happens: serve, adopt · To what, where: Malay, archipelago, 1928 Youth Pledge
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Indonesia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indonesian nationalists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Malay | Malay | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 served | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 served | aux |
| 3 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 served | advmod |
| 4 | served | serve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 7 lingua | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 lingua | det |
| 7 | lingua | lingua | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 served | obl |
| 8 | franca | franca | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 lingua | appos |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 archipelago | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 archipelago | det |
| 11 | archipelago | archipelago | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lingua | nmod |
| 12 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 15 adopted | mark |
| 13 | Indonesian | indonesian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 nationalists | amod |
| 14 | nationalists | nationalist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 adopted | nsubj |
| 15 | adopted | adopt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 served | advcl |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 adopted | obj |
| 17 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 language | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 language | det |
| 19 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 adopted | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 unity | case |
| 21 | unity | unity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 language | nmod |
| 22 | through | through | ADP | _ | 26 Pledge | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Pledge | det |
| 24 | 1928 | 1928 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 26 Pledge | nummod |
| 25 | Youth | Youth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Pledge | compound |
| 26 | Pledge | Pledge | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 adopted | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 served | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | serve | past · perfect · passive | Malay | as a lingua in the archipelago; long property | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as lingua=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | adopt | past | Indonesian nationalists | archipelago | the 1928 Youth Pledge | as a language of unity | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent it=Theme as language=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Indonesia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Indonesia/261/