Indonesia, sentence 34
From Wikipedia, «Indonesia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Beginning in the third millennium BCE, Austronesian-speaking communities moved south from Taiwan through the Philippines and into the Indonesian archipelago, where related languages eventually spread across most of the islands.
Who acts: speaking communities, related languages · What happens: begin, speak, move, spread · To what, where: third millennium, Taiwan, most · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Indonesia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (speaking communities, related languages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Beginning | begin | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 moved | advcl |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 millennium | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 millennium | det |
| 4 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 5 millennium | amod |
| 5 | millennium | millennium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Beginning | obl |
| 6 | BCE | BCE | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 millennium | appos |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Beginning | punct |
| 8 | Austronesian | Austronesian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 speaking | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 Austronesian | punct |
| 10 | speaking | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 communities | amod |
| 11 | communities | community | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 moved | nsubj |
| 12 | moved | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | south | south | ADV | _ | 12 moved | advmod |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 Taiwan | case |
| 15 | Taiwan | Taiwan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 moved | obl |
| 16 | through | through | ADP | _ | 18 Philippines | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Philippines | det |
| 18 | Philippines | Philippines | PROPN | Number=Ptan | 12 moved | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 archipelago | cc |
| 20 | into | into | ADP | _ | 23 archipelago | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 archipelago | det |
| 22 | Indonesian | indonesian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 archipelago | amod |
| 23 | archipelago | archipelago | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 Philippines | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 spread | punct |
| 25 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 29 spread | advmod |
| 26 | related | related | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 languages | amod |
| 27 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 spread | nsubj |
| 28 | eventually | eventually | ADV | _ | 29 spread | advmod |
| 29 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 archipelago | conj |
| 30 | across | across | ADP | _ | 31 most | case |
| 31 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 29 spread | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 islands | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 islands | det |
| 34 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 most | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 moved | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | gerund | speaking communities not said here | the third millennium | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | gerund | Austronesian compound | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | move | past | speaking communities | Taiwan | through the Philippines and the Indonesian archipelago; south property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme from taiwan=Source through philippines=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | spread | present | related languages | most of the islands | eventually property | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme across most=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Indonesia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Indonesia/34/