Iran, sentence 42
From Wikipedia, «Iran», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Inscriptions in the Proto-Elamite script, which predates cuneiform, have been found from the early third millennium BC.
Who acts: Elamite script · What happens: predate, find · To what, where: cuneiform, Inscriptions, early third millennium
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iran». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elamite script), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Inscriptions | inscription | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 found | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 script | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 script | det |
| 4 | Proto | Proto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Elamite | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 Proto | punct |
| 6 | Elamite | Elamite | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 script | compound |
| 7 | script | script | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Inscriptions | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 predates | punct |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 predates | nsubj |
| 10 | predates | predate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 script | acl:relcl |
| 11 | cuneiform | cuneiform | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 predates | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Inscriptions | punct |
| 13 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 found | aux |
| 14 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 found | aux:pass |
| 15 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 millennium | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 millennium | det |
| 18 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 millennium | amod |
| 19 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 20 millennium | amod |
| 20 | millennium | millennium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 found | obl |
| 21 | BC | BC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 millennium | appos |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | predate | present | the Elamite script | cuneiform | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cuneiform=Co-Theme | ||||
| 2 | find | present · perfect · passive | Inscriptions in the Elamite script | the early third millennium | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from millennium=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Iran», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Iran/42/