Ireland, sentence 125
From Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Modern estimates suggest that approximately 20,000–30,000 soldiers died in combat, while an estimated 200,000 to over 300,000 civilians perished from war-related famine, disease, and displacement, with some contemporary estimates, such as those by Sir William Petty, suggesting even higher mortality figures.
Who acts: Modern estimates, 20,000 soldiers · What happens: suggest, die, estimate, perish · To what, where: estimated 200,000 civilians, war related famine, higher mortality figures · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ireland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Modern estimates, 20,000 soldiers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 estimates | amod |
| 2 | estimates | estimate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 suggest | nsubj |
| 3 | suggest | suggest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 died | mark |
| 5 | approximately | approximately | ADV | _ | 6 20,000 | advmod |
| 6 | 20,000 | 20000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 soldiers | nummod |
| 7 | – | – | SYM | ExtPos=ADP | 8 30,000 | case |
| 8 | 30,000 | 30,000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 20,000 | nmod |
| 9 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 died | nsubj |
| 10 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 suggest | ccomp |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 combat | case |
| 12 | combat | combat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 died | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 civilians | punct |
| 14 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 21 civilians | mark |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 civilians | det |
| 16 | estimated | estimate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 civilians | amod |
| 17 | 200,000 | 200000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 civilians | nummod |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 300,000 | case |
| 19 | over | over | ADV | _ | 20 300,000 | advmod |
| 20 | 300,000 | 300000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 200,000 | nmod |
| 21 | civilians | civilian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 died | obl |
| 22 | perished | perish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 civilians | acl |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 27 famine | case |
| 24 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 famine | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 war | punct |
| 26 | related | related | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 famine | amod |
| 27 | famine | famine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 perished | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 disease | punct |
| 29 | disease | disease | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 famine | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 displacement | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 displacement | cc |
| 32 | displacement | displacement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 famine | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 estimates | punct |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 estimates | case |
| 35 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 37 estimates | det |
| 36 | contemporary | contemporary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 estimates | amod |
| 37 | estimates | estimate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 perished | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 those | punct |
| 39 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 41 those | case |
| 40 | as | as | ADP | _ | 39 such | fixed |
| 41 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 37 estimates | appos |
| 42 | by | by | ADP | _ | 44 William | case |
| 43 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 William | nmod:desc |
| 44 | William | William | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 those | nmod |
| 45 | Petty | Petty | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 William | flat |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 suggesting | punct |
| 47 | suggesting | suggest | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 41 those | acl |
| 48 | even | even | ADV | _ | 49 higher | advmod |
| 49 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 51 figures | amod |
| 50 | mortality | mortality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 figures | compound |
| 51 | figures | figure | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 suggesting | obj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 suggest | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | suggest speech: suggest | present | Modern estimates | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | die | past | 20,000 soldiers | a estimated 200,000 civilians | in combat | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in combat=Attribute | |||
| 3 | estimate | participle | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | perish | participle | a estimated 200,000 civilians not said here | war related famine and disease and displacement | with some contemporary estimates | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient from famine=Causer | |||
| 5 | suggest speech: suggest | gerund | higher mortality figures | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent figure=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ireland/125/