Ireland, sentence 409
From Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Traditional rural Irish-speaking areas, known collectively as the Gaeltacht, are in linguistic decline.
Who acts: Traditional rural speaking areas · What happens: speak, know, be · To what, where: Traditional rural speaking areas, linguistic decline · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ireland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Traditional rural speaking areas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Traditional | traditional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 areas | amod |
| 2 | rural | rural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 areas | amod |
| 3 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 speaking | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 Irish | punct |
| 5 | speaking | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 areas | amod |
| 6 | areas | area | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 decline | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 known | punct |
| 8 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 areas | acl |
| 9 | collectively | collectively | ADV | _ | 8 known | advmod |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 Gaeltacht | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Gaeltacht | det |
| 12 | Gaeltacht | Gaeltacht | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 known | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 areas | punct |
| 14 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 decline | cop |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 decline | case |
| 16 | linguistic | linguistic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 decline | amod |
| 17 | decline | decline | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 decline | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | gerund | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | know | participle | Traditional rural speaking areas not said here | as the Gaeltacht; collectively property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as gaeltacht=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | is | present | Traditional rural speaking areas | linguistic decline | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ireland/409/