Ireland, sentence 44

From Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

The Bronze Age began around 2,500 BC, with technology changing people's everyday lives during this period through innovations such as the wheel, harnessing oxen, weaving textiles, brewing alcohol and metalworking, which produced new weapons and tools, along with fine gold decoration and jewellery, such as brooches and torcs.

Who acts: Bronze Age, alcohol · What happens: begin, change, harness, weave, brew, produce · To what, where: 2,500, everyday lives, innovations, oxen, textiles, alcohol

This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ireland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bronze Age, alcohol), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Age	det
2	Bronze	Bronze	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Age	compound
3	Age	Age	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 began	nsubj
4	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	around	around	ADV	_	6 2,500	advmod
6	2,500	2500	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 began	obl
7	BC	BC	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 2,500	nmod:unmarked
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 changing	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 technology	case
10	technology	technology	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 changing	obl
11	changing	change	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 began	advcl
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 lives	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 people	case
14	everyday	everyday	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 lives	amod
15	lives	life	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 changing	obj
16	during	during	ADP	_	18 period	case
17	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	18 period	det
18	period	period	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 changing	obl
19	through	through	ADP	_	20 innovations	case
20	innovations	innovation	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 changing	obl
21	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	24 wheel	case
22	as	as	ADP	_	21 such	fixed
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 wheel	det
24	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 innovations	nmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 harnessing	punct
26	harnessing	harness	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 changing	conj
27	oxen	ox	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 harnessing	obj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 weaving	punct
29	weaving	weave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	26 harnessing	conj
30	textiles	textile	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 weaving	obj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 brewing	punct
32	brewing	brew	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	26 harnessing	conj
33	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 brewing	obj
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 metalworking	cc
35	metalworking	metalworking	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 alcohol	conj
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 produced	punct
37	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	38 produced	nsubj
38	produced	produce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 alcohol	conj
39	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 weapons	amod
40	weapons	weapon	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 produced	obj
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 tools	cc
42	tools	tool	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 weapons	conj
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 decoration	punct
44	along	along	ADP	_	48 decoration	case
45	with	with	ADP	_	48 decoration	case
46	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 decoration	amod
47	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 decoration	compound
48	decoration	decoration	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 weapons	appos
49	and	and	CCONJ	_	50 jewellery	cc
50	jewellery	jewellery	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 decoration	conj
51	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 brooches	punct
52	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	54 brooches	case
53	as	as	ADP	_	52 such	fixed
54	brooches	brooch	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 weapons	conj
55	and	and	CCONJ	_	56 torcs	cc
56	torcs	torc	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 weapons	conj
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 began	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	the Bronze Age	2,500 BC				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	change	gerund	the Bronze Age not said here	people's everyday lives	innovations such the wheel	during this period	with technology	vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent life=Theme with technology=Co-Agent
3	harness	gerund	the Bronze Age not said here	oxen				vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent ox=Destination
4	weave	gerund	the Bronze Age not said here	textiles				vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent textile=Product
5	brew	gerund	the Bronze Age not said here	alcohol and metalworking				vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Product
6	produce	past	alcohol and metalworking	new weapons and tools and brooches and torcs				vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weapon=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ireland/44/

🌲 Ireland, sentence 44

The tree

Pragmatics

Ireland, sentence 44