Ireland, sentence 61
From Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In 2012, research showed that the occurrence of genetic markers for the earliest farmers was almost eliminated by Beaker-culture immigrants: they carried what was then a new Y-chromosome R1b marker, believed to have originated in Iberia about 2,500 BC.
Who acts: research, Beaker culture immigrants, speakers · What happens: show, eliminate, carry, be, believe, originate · To what, where: 2012, occurrence, R1b marker, 2,500, Iberia · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ireland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (research, Beaker culture immigrants, speakers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 2012 | case |
| 2 | 2012 | 2012 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 showed | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 2012 | punct |
| 4 | research | research | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 showed | nsubj |
| 5 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 18 eliminated | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 occurrence | det |
| 8 | occurrence | occurrence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 eliminated | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 markers | case |
| 10 | genetic | genetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 markers | amod |
| 11 | markers | marker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 occurrence | nmod |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 farmers | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 farmers | det |
| 14 | earliest | early | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 15 farmers | amod |
| 15 | farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 markers | nmod |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 eliminated | aux:pass |
| 17 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 18 eliminated | advmod |
| 18 | eliminated | eliminate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 showed | ccomp |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 immigrants | case |
| 20 | Beaker | Beaker | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 immigrants | compound |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 Beaker | punct |
| 22 | culture | culture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 immigrants | compound |
| 23 | immigrants | immigrant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 eliminated | obl |
| 24 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 26 carried | punct |
| 25 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 carried | nsubj |
| 26 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 showed | conj |
| 27 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 36 marker | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 marker | cop |
| 29 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 36 marker | advmod |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 chromosome | det |
| 31 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 chromosome | amod |
| 32 | Y | y | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 chromosome | compound |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 Y | punct |
| 34 | chromosome | chromosome | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 marker | nsubj |
| 35 | R1b | R1b | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 marker | compound |
| 36 | marker | marker | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 carried | ccomp |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 believed | punct |
| 38 | believed | believe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 marker | acl |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 41 originated | mark |
| 40 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 41 originated | aux |
| 41 | originated | originate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 38 believed | xcomp |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 Iberia | case |
| 43 | Iberia | Iberia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 originated | obl |
| 44 | about | about | ADV | _ | 45 2,500 | advmod |
| 45 | 2,500 | 2500 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 41 originated | obl |
| 46 | BC | BC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 2,500 | nmod:unmarked |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 showed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | past | research | 2012 | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | eliminate | past · passive | Beaker culture immigrants | the occurrence of genetic markers for the earliest farmers | almost property | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | |||
| 3 | carry | past | speakers = speaker | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a | past | R1b marker | then | what nsubj; a new Y chromosome nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 5 | believe | participle | R1b marker not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | originate | to-infinitive · perfect | 2,500 BC | Iberia | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ireland/61/