Italy, sentence 153
From Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Italy did not receive other territories promised by the Treaty of London, so this outcome was denounced as a "mutilated victory", by Benito Mussolini, which helped lead to the rise of Italian fascism.
Who acts: Italy, Benito, Italian fascism · What happens: not receive, promise, denounce, mutilate, help, lead · To what, where: other territories, outcome · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Italy, Benito, Italian fascism), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Italy | Italy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 receive | nsubj |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 receive | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 receive | advmod |
| 4 | receive | receive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 territories | amod |
| 6 | territories | territory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 receive | obj |
| 7 | promised | promise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 territories | acl |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 Treaty | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Treaty | det |
| 10 | Treaty | Treaty | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 promised | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 London | case |
| 12 | London | London | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Treaty | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 denounced | punct |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 denounced | advmod |
| 15 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 outcome | det |
| 16 | outcome | outcome | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 denounced | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 denounced | aux:pass |
| 18 | denounced | denounce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 receive | conj |
| 19 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 victory | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 victory | det |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 mutilated | punct |
| 22 | mutilated | mutilate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 victory | amod |
| 23 | victory | victory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 denounced | obl |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 victory | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Benito | punct |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 Benito | case |
| 27 | Benito | Benito | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 denounced | obl |
| 28 | Mussolini | Mussolini | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Benito | flat |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 helped | punct |
| 30 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 helped | nsubj |
| 31 | helped | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 Benito | acl:relcl |
| 32 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 helped | xcomp |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 rise | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 rise | det |
| 35 | rise | rise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 lead | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 fascism | case |
| 37 | Italian | Italian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 fascism | amod |
| 38 | fascism | fascism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 rise | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 receive | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not receive | past · do-support | Italy | other territories | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent territory=Theme | ||||
| 2 | promise speech: promise | participle | other territories not said here | by the Treaty of London | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | denounce | past · passive | Benito | this outcome | as a mutilated victory | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent subject=Theme as victory=Attribute | |||
| 4 | mutilate in a quote | participle | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | help | past | Benito | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | lead | infinitive | Benito not said here | to the rise of Italian fascism | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to rise=Patient | ||||
| 7 | rise | Italian fascism | nom rise «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Italy/153/